I ka makahiki 1998, ua ʻike ʻia ka mea ʻike Kepani ʻo Akiu et al. unuhi ʻia a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka arbutin mai nā lau bearberry a loaʻa i kahi mea hiki ke hoʻokō i nā hopena keʻokeʻo. Loaʻa iā ia nā hopena pharmacological like ʻole e like me anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antitussive, expectorant, a me antiasthmatic. , He mea hoʻopaneʻe ia o tyrosinase i loko o nā melanocytes kanaka, no laila ua lilo koke ia i mea aloha o ka ʻoihana keʻokeʻo.
ʻO Arbutin, i ʻike ʻia ʻoarbutin , he kemika p-hydroxyphenyl-D-glucopyranoside a aia ma ke ʻano o nā kristal keʻokeʻo-like me ka pauka. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai wela, methanol, ethanol a me nā wai wai o propylene glycol a me glycerol, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ether, chloroform, petroleum ether a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka molecular formula C12H16O7, a penei kona ʻano:
ʻO Arbutin kahi mole i haku ʻia me nā pūʻulu kūlohelohe i haku ʻia me nā pūʻulu hydroxyl polyvalent. ʻAʻole waihoʻoluʻu a ʻike ʻia ka hopena wai, no laila he kūpono maikaʻi a hiki ke maʻalahi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i mea hoʻohui i nā ʻaila. Eia kekahi, loaʻa iā ia nā waiwai moisturizing maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana me ka make-up, loaʻa kahi ʻili palupalu a ʻoluʻolu, a loaʻa kahi manaʻo keʻokeʻo a maʻemaʻe ma hope o ka noi. Hoʻoholo ʻia kēia mau hiʻohiʻona e ke ʻano o ka polyhydroxyl glycosides.
Eia kekahi, loaʻa i ka arbutin kahi hopena pale kūʻokoʻa i ka melanin.
ʻO ka Melanin kahi mea puaʻa ʻeleʻele e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻili. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e ka oxidation o tyrosine ma o tyrosinase. Hiki iā mākou ke manaʻo i ka tyrosinase ʻo ia ka enzyme palena nui no ka hana ʻana o ka melanin i ka ʻili. Hoʻoholo ka hana o tyrosine i ka nui o ka melanin i hana ʻia.
Pehea e pale ai i ka hana catalytic o tyrosinase kekahi o nā kuhikuhi noiʻi nui i ka ʻoihana keʻokeʻo. Hiki i nā mea hana keʻokeʻo maʻamau e like me ka hydroquinone (1,4-hydroquinone) hiki ke pale pono i ka hana o tyrosinase a loaʻa kekahi hopena depigmentation ma ka ʻili. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i waho ke hana i nā hopena hoʻonāukiuki a hiki ke hoʻoulu maʻalahi i ka ʻili o ka ʻili, ke kuʻi, a me ka ʻili. Hiki i nā hōʻailona maʻi e like me ka dandruff a me ka erythema ke hoʻopōʻino mau, no laila ua kau ʻia kāna noi lapaʻau i kekahi mau palena.
Ua like ke ano o ka arbutin me ka hydroquinone. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka mole glucose ma mua o ka hydroquinone, ʻoi aku ka paʻa a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili. Hiki iā ia ke pale pono i ka hana tyrosinase a me ka hana melanin. , ʻAʻoleHiki iā ia ke wehe i nā stains wale nō, akā aia kekahi mau hopena bactericidal a anti-inflammatory.
He haʻahaʻa ka cytotoxicity a palekana a ʻaʻohe mea ʻawaʻawa i ka ʻili. Hiki iā ia ke pale pono i ka hana o tyrosinase a pale i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā melanocytes. Hiki iā ia ke hui pū me ka tyrosinase e hoʻolalelale i ka decomposition o ka melanin. a me nā hoʻokuʻu ʻana e hoʻemi i ka waiho ʻana o ka melanin i loko o ka ʻili, no laila ʻo ka arbutin ka mea hoʻohui kūpono e ʻimi nei.
Wahi a nā hale like ʻole, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka arbutin i α-arbutin, β-arbutin a me deoxyarbutin (D-arbutin).
Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka α-arbutin ma o ka hoʻololi biological a me ka synthesis enzymatic, a ua kaupalena ʻia ka pālākiō hana, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka arbutin i kēia manawa ma ka mākeke ʻo β-arbutin, akā ʻo ka hopena keʻokeʻo e like me ka α-arbutin. Hoʻokahi-ʻumikūmālima.
Hōʻike nā noiʻi he kūpono ia e hoʻohui i ka 3% arbutin i nā mea hoʻonaninani, ʻo ia ka 90% maikaʻi i ka depigmenting freckles, butterfly spots a me melanin deposits.
ʻO ka α-arbutin a me ka β-arbutin he wai-soluble, a ʻo ka ʻōnaehana lecithin pālua ʻelua o ka membrane cell epidermal kanaka i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i ka absorption o nā mea momona-soluble, no laila ua komo ka deoxyarbutin.
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Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-12-2024
